Labor market storm: who has the highest salaries in Russia
MOSCOW, January 13 - RIA Novosti, Natalia Dembinskaya. The Russian labor market has undergone strong structural changes. Some areas were hit by a wave of cuts due to the pandemic, employees had to urgently change their shoes. At the same time, there is an acute shortage of specialists. RIA Novosti figured out how the situation was affected by the remote, who got into the "qualification pit" and where to look for high salaries.
Leaders of Abbreviations
By causing an imbalance between supply and demand, the pandemic has dealt a powerful blow to the labor market. Production has fallen, there are fewer and fewer jobs. Air transportation, tourism, fitness and beauty industries were particularly affected. While the trend persists.
"HoReCa employees (bars, restaurants, cafes, tourism, fitness clubs) and service industries are at risk of losing their jobs. Many companies related to education and entertainment may also close," Natalia Dubinnikova, CEO of HR agency Favorite Partners, points out.
There will be a lot of "victims of automation". First of all, these are "ringers" involved in telephone sales. In small and medium-sized businesses, the demand for accountants will fall — they will be replaced by specialized software. The same threatens clerks, secretaries, administrators, packers. Although large companies still cannot do without "live" accounting.
Shortage of personnel
At the same time, unlike the stagnant 2020, the Russian labor market is growing. As told in the international recruiting company Hays, managers are actively looking for employees.
Therefore, there is a shortage of specialists in almost all key industries. Especially in agriculture - 78% of employers surveyed in the framework of a sociological study noted a shortage of workers. Mining and metallurgy are in second place, information technology and chemical production are in third place.
Forty percent of managers are ready to hire inexperienced interns and help them (in 2020, there were only 16% of them), the same number are ready to attract professionals from other regions (there were six percent), and every fourth is going to poach employees from other companies.
According to Hays estimates, 38% of companies will try to retain specialists in IT, 37% in trade, 21% in production, 19% in marketing and PR. 34% of employers intend to compete for top managers.
The acute shortage of personnel is also explained by the selectivity of applicants who avoid unstable industries.
Qualification pit
In addition, the so-called qualification pit was formed. Employees will now have to study more. According to the Boston Consulting Group (BCG), by 2030, every third vacancy will require new skills and competencies. The education system does not keep up with the labor market. So, all over the world, 65% of current schoolchildren will take up work that does not yet exist.
"Educational institutions with a flexible program offering online courses and internships in large companies are gaining popularity. The requirements for hard and soft skills are changing. That is, the applicant must be qualified at least at the level that an experienced specialist currently has," says Natalia Makedon, HR Director of the Unagrande Company production holding.
Therefore, the expert emphasizes, the concept of lifelong learning will soon be finally established. You will have to acquire additional skills on the job, in practice.
According to a survey conducted by the National Research Tomsk State University, professional development is more profitable than dismissal. Now the largest players in the Russian market spend about 80 billion rubles a year on corporate training. In the next few years, their educational budget may grow by 15-20%.
IT specialists, environmentalists and managers
Traditionally, IT is in the top of the most in—demand professionals. At the same time, employers value practical programming skills and experience even more than higher education. They are actively looking for specialists in big data (big data), digital transformation. The average income in this segment is 119 thousand rubles per month.
According to the estimates of the Ministry of Finance, the shortage of personnel in IT is from 500 thousand to a million people. And the problem is getting worse: by 2027, it will reach two million.
"Therefore, sometimes employers are willing to pay significantly more than the market average if the candidate has truly unique knowledge and skills. One of the banks recently closed an IT vacancy for 460 thousand rubles a month," Igor Chugai, partner of the international HR company Amrop Russia, gives an example.
According to SuperJob, there were 90% more jobs in the field of software creation over the year, but the number of applicants increased by only 12. With such an imbalance, wages have increased by 23.3% — a record for 14 years. Since 2019, according to the calculations of service analysts, IT revenues have grown by an average of 38.5%, and programmers and DevOps engineers have even more.
Career consultants will be in demand, says Ravil Asmyatullin, associate professor at the Institute of World Economy and Business. Good prospects in the ESG segment — environmental, social and corporate governance.
Medics on fire
The personnel crisis is expected to arise in medicine. Clinics are looking for ways to cope with the situation and raise salaries. According to SuperJob estimates, in 2021 salaries of senior medical staff increased by 12%, paramedics, nurses and orderlies - by 14.
Vacancies have increased by 1.7 times. At the same time, doctors complain about recycling: on average by 40%.
Last year, there were not enough specialists for the regions — megacities were delayed. In 2022, the trend will be reversed. This means higher salaries and rapid development of online services.
Golden Couriers
There is a noticeable bias in the segment of line personnel. One of the reasons is the mass departure of migrants. And the demand for online delivery is huge. As a result, services have risen sharply in price.
Experts attribute this to the "last mile" effect in transport logistics. As Nikolay Novoselov, CEO of the Sioge platform, explains, the competition of delivery services is very strong and in a number of regions competes fiercely with the taxi market.
Now both sectors are gradually becoming self-sufficient: they cancel bonus programs, increase minimum checks. This is bad news for consumers — very soon they will have to pay for what investors used to subsidize. The purses will be affected by the rise in the price of vehicles, and the shortage of spare parts. Couriers and deliverers themselves are doing well: they often receive more than 100 thousand a month on hand, even in the regions.
In general, experts expect further salary increases in almost linear specialties in retail, delivery, manufacturing, housing and construction due to competition for employees.
The Udalenka Revolution
However, the real revolution in the labor market was made by remote and hybrid work formats. The pandemic forced them to try them out. And this led to several key changes at once.
According to a study by Tomsk State University, specialties involving remote work are now most in demand. An obvious plus: companies can choose employees from any region, without geographical reference.
"Many people claim that thanks to remoteness and hybrid, their work-life balance has significantly improved: there is time not only for work, but also for family, hobbies, personal development," notes Igor Chugai from Amrop Russia.
But this is not always the case. The boundaries of working and personal time are erased, employees often recycle and burn out even in the home office.
